{"id":13653,"date":"2024-09-18T12:08:10","date_gmt":"2024-09-18T10:08:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ceab.csic.es\/external-services\/quimica-analitica-labqa\/"},"modified":"2024-09-24T10:56:33","modified_gmt":"2024-09-24T08:56:33","slug":"analytical-chemistry","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.ceab.csic.es\/en\/external-services\/analytical-chemistry\/","title":{"rendered":"Analytical chemistry"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"13653\" class=\"elementor elementor-13653 elementor-13524\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div data-dce-background-image-url=\"https:\/\/www.ceab.csic.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/s-ext-quimica-analitica.jpg\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9c20423 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"9c20423\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0924054 elementor-widget-mobile__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"0924054\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ceab.csic.es\/en\/external-services\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-angle-double-left\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">External services<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-579fb55 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"579fb55\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2ad0763 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2ad0763\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-070892f animated-slow elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-qi_addons_for_elementor_animated_text\" data-id=\"070892f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"qi_addons_for_elementor_animated_text.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qodef-shortcode qodef-m qodef-qi-animated-text qodef--animated-by-letter qodef-qi--has-appear qodef--appear-from-bottom\" data-appear-delay=\"200\">\n\t\t<p class=\"qodef-m-title\">\n\t\t<span class=\"qodef-e-word-holder\">External<\/span> <span class=\"qodef-e-word-holder\">services<\/span>\t<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d48789f animated-slow elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-qi_addons_for_elementor_animated_text\" data-id=\"d48789f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"qi_addons_for_elementor_animated_text.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qodef-shortcode qodef-m qodef-qi-animated-text qodef--animated-by-letter qodef-qi--has-appear qodef--appear-from-bottom\" data-appear-delay=\"200\">\n\t\t<h1 class=\"qodef-m-title\">\n\t\t<span class=\"qodef-e-word-holder\">Analytical<\/span> <span class=\"qodef-e-word-holder\">Chemistry<\/span>\t<\/h1>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-280a30c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"280a30c\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2fb8e13 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2fb8e13\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6faac7b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6faac7b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Service presentation<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3de6988 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3de6988\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The <strong>Analytical Chemistry Laboratory<\/strong> (LabQA) is equipped with a continuous flow autoanalyser, (FUTURA model manufactured by ALLIANCE INSTRUMENTS), a TOC-L analyser with TNM-L module for TOC manufactured by SHIMADZU, and an ion chromatograph for the analysis of major ions from METROHM.<\/p><p>The ALLIANCE FUTURA is equipped to analyse the concentration of dissolved inorganic nutrients (Nitrate, Nitrite, Ammonium, Phosphate, Silicate).<\/p><p>The SHIMADZU TOC-TN is equipped to analyse the concentration of total organic carbon (TOC), non-purgeable organic carbon (NPOC), and total nitrogen (TN).<\/p><p>The METROHM ion chromatograph is equipped to analyse the concentration of cations (Calcium, Sodium, Magnesium, Ammonium, Potassium) and major anions (Fluoride, Bromide, Chloride, Nitrate, Nitrite, Phosphate and Sulphate).<\/p><p>All three systems can handle liquid samples. They can be adapted for both freshwater and saltwater sample analysis.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-89742c6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"89742c6\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eb7c70c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"eb7c70c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Applications<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-823c877 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"823c877\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nutrient analysis applications include:<\/p><ul><li>Phytoplankton control and biomass production in certain areas of interest.<\/li><li>Characterisation of water quality in different environments.<\/li><li>Analysis and early detection of environmental pollution in aquatic ecosystems.<\/li><li>Temporal evaluation of indicative variables of changes in the trophic level of the system that may affect fish productivity.<\/li><li>Wet atmospheric deposition analysis.<\/li><\/ul><p><br \/>Total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN) and major ion analysis applications include:<\/p><ul><li>Characterisation of water quality and dissolved organic matter in various environments.<\/li><li>Analysis and early detection of environmental pollution in aquatic ecosystems.<\/li><li>Environmental research of various kinds in surface freshwater, soil, groundwater and marine environments.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-163d749 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"163d749\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;slideshow&quot;,&quot;background_slideshow_gallery&quot;:[],&quot;background_slideshow_loop&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;background_slideshow_slide_duration&quot;:5000,&quot;background_slideshow_slide_transition&quot;:&quot;fade&quot;,&quot;background_slideshow_transition_duration&quot;:500}\">\n\t\t<div data-dce-background-color=\"#084054\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ef4d9a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8ef4d9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;gradient&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-74c0751 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"74c0751\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Information for users<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0f054c3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0f054c3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The <b>service can be hired<\/b> by both <b>internal (CSIC) <\/b> and <b>external staff (other research centres), as well as by companies<\/b>. If you require any information or advice on sample treatment and conservation, please contact the responsible technician.<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0e5ab16 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0e5ab16\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Internal staff, whether from the centre or temporarily attached to it, also have access to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ceab.csic.es\/en\/the-ceab\/facilities\/\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">other laboratories<\/span><\/a> (without associated service).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fc90d3f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fc90d3f\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-055d6de elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"055d6de\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Contact<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c588ba elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"2c588ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"mailto:labqa@ceab.csic.es%20\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-envelope\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">labqa@ceab.csic.es <\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f50cafb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f50cafb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The responsible technician will provide you with the necessary information on service conditions, fees and other specifications.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d0e842c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d0e842c\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-29ecb52 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"29ecb52\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-206afc0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"206afc0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Analytical methods<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b09b061 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b09b061\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The <strong>analytical methods used are scientifically validated and certified by international certifications<\/strong> such as ISO, AOAC, BATF, USEPA, AFNOR and COFRAC.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-71dee61 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"71dee61\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div data-dce-background-color=\"#FFFFFF\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d02733a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d02733a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-87d1034 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"87d1034\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">NITRATES + NITRITES<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f825ea elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5f825ea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nitrates are reduced to nitrites using Vanadium (III) chloride. Nitrites react with sulphanilamide under acidic conditions to form a diazo compound. With N-(1-Naphthyl)ethylenediamine, the mixture turns pink. Optical density is measured at a wavelength of 520\/540nm.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-998dcb0 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"998dcb0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-primary ); letter-spacing: var(--bodyletterspacing); text-transform: var(--bodytexttransform);\">Reference<\/span>: Doane TA and Horwath WR. 2003.\u00a0<em>Spectrophotometric determination of nitrate with a single reagent<\/em>. Analytical Letters 36(12):2713-2722; Miranda KM, Espey MG, Wink DA. 2001.\u00a0<em>A rapid, simple spectrophotometric method for simultaneous detection of nitrate and nitrite<\/em>. Nitric Oxide: Biology and Chemistry 5(1):62-71.)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-dce-background-color=\"#FFFFFF\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0ac3441 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0ac3441\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-54c0a01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"54c0a01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">PHOSPHATES<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d1853dc elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d1853dc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ammonium heptamolybdate reacts with orthophosphate under acidic conditions to form phosphomolybdic acid. This mixture is reduced to molybdenum blue with ascorbic acid. The reaction is catalysed with antimony and potassium tartrate. Optical density is measured at a wavelength of 880nm.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-53fa893 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"53fa893\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-primary ); letter-spacing: var(--bodyletterspacing); text-transform: var(--bodytexttransform);\">Reference<\/span>: Grasshoff K, Kremling, K, Ehrhardt M. 1999.\u00a0<em>Methods of Seawater Analysis<\/em>. 3<sup>rd<\/sup>\u00a0revised and extended edition. Wiley, Weinheim, Germany.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-dce-background-color=\"#FFFFFF\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35f707d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"35f707d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0b520ab elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0b520ab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">AMMONIUM<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c1a57fd elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c1a57fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The method is based on the reaction of ammonium with ortho-phthalaldehyde (OPA) in the presence of sulphite at 70\u00baC. The resulting complex passes through a detector equipped with a fluorescence black lamp, which excites the complex at 370nm and records the resulting emission at 460nm.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bedadae elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bedadae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-primary ); letter-spacing: var(--bodyletterspacing); text-transform: var(--bodytexttransform);\">Reference<\/span>: K\u00e9rouel R and Aminot A. 1997.\u00a0<em>Fluorometric determination of ammonia in sea and estuarine waters by direct segmented flow analysis.<\/em>\u00a0Marine Chemistry 57: 265-275.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-dce-background-color=\"#FFFFFF\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9694903 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9694903\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-414204f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"414204f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">NITRITES<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-52f119f elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"52f119f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nitrites react with sulphanilamide under acidic conditions to form a diazo compound. With N-(1-Naphthyl)ethylenediamine, a pink compound is formed. Optical density is measured at a wavelength of 520\/540nm.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4b37eb3 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4b37eb3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-primary ); letter-spacing: var(--bodyletterspacing); text-transform: var(--bodytexttransform);\">Reference<\/span>: Grasshoff K, Kremling, K, Ehrhardt M. 1999.\u00a0<em>Methods of Seawater Analysis<\/em>. 3<sup>rd<\/sup>\u00a0revised and extended edition. Wiley, Weinheim, Germany.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-dce-background-color=\"#FFFFFF\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d99bdb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2d99bdb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bc566c0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bc566c0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">SILICATES<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f59194f elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f59194f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Silicate reacts with molybdate under acidic conditions (1&lt;pH&lt;2) to form a complex when the Si:Mo ratio is 1:12. This is reduced with ascorbic acid to form a blue compound measured at 810nm. Oxalic acid is added to prevent interference caused by the phosphomolybdic complex.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36d60f7 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36d60f7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Reference: Grasshoff K, Kremling, K, Ehrhardt M. 1999. <em>Methods of Seawater Analysis<\/em>. 3<sup>rd<\/sup>\u00a0revised and extended edition. Wiley, Weinheim, Germany.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-dce-background-color=\"#FFFFFF\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e0e2ab6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e0e2ab6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-abc7611 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"abc7611\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e43c14 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1e43c14\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The liquid sample undergoes oxidative combustion at high temperature (680\u00baC) after removing inorganic carbon by acidification.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-510179d elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"510179d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-primary ); letter-spacing: var(--bodyletterspacing); text-transform: var(--bodytexttransform);\">Reference<\/span>: \u00c1lvarez-Salgado X and Miller AEJ.1998.\u00a0<em>Simultaneous determination of dissolved organic carbon and total dissolved nitrogen in seawater by high temperature catalytic oxidation: conditions for accurate shipboard measurements.<\/em>\u00a0Marine Chemistry 62: 325\u2013333.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-dce-background-color=\"#FFFFFF\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-561c12b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"561c12b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3527536 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3527536\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">TOTAL NITROGEN<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c688ae elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6c688ae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The liquid sample undergoes oxidative pyrolysis (720\u00baC) and the resulting nitric oxide, after contacting O3, is converted to N2O, subsequently emitting a photon detected by chemiluminescence.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4cac3e8 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4cac3e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-primary ); letter-spacing: var(--bodyletterspacing); text-transform: var(--bodytexttransform);\">Reference<\/span>: \u00c1lvarez-Salgado X and Miller AEJ.1998.\u00a0<em>Simultaneous determination of dissolved organic carbon and total dissolved nitrogen in seawater by high temperature catalytic oxidation: conditions for accurate shipboard measurements.<\/em>\u00a0Marine Chemistry 62: 325\u2013333.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div data-dce-background-color=\"#FFFFFF\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3bac5be e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3bac5be\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cac3b29 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cac3b29\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">MAJOR IONS<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8aa50d4 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8aa50d4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ion chromatography allows the analysis of soluble anions and cations in aqueous samples. Ions are separated by ion exchange between the mobile and stationary phases (column). The ions are retained in the column based on their charge, sequentially detected by a conductivity detector, and recorded in a chromatogram, representing the signal intensity of each ion according to its retention time.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-91972ff elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"91972ff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-primary ); letter-spacing: var(--bodyletterspacing); text-transform: var(--bodytexttransform);\">Reference<\/span>: Haddad, P.R., and Jackson, P.E. 1990. Ion chromatography. Principles and applications. Elsevier, Kensington, Australia, vol 46, 1<sup>st<\/sup> ed. 775pp.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e1c94fd e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e1c94fd\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1acd363 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1acd363\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;slideshow&quot;,&quot;background_slideshow_gallery&quot;:[],&quot;background_slideshow_loop&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;background_slideshow_slide_duration&quot;:5000,&quot;background_slideshow_slide_transition&quot;:&quot;fade&quot;,&quot;background_slideshow_transition_duration&quot;:500}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fcf6aa0 elementor-arrows-position-outside elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-carousel\" data-id=\"fcf6aa0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;slides_to_show&quot;:&quot;4&quot;,&quot;navigation&quot;:&quot;arrows&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;image_spacing_custom&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:5,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;infinite&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;speed&quot;:500,&quot;image_spacing_custom_laptop&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;image_spacing_custom_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;image_spacing_custom_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"image-carousel.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-carousel-wrapper swiper\" role=\"region\" aria-roledescription=\"carousel\" aria-label=\"Image Carousel\" dir=\"ltr\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-carousel swiper-wrapper\" aria-live=\"polite\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"1 of 4\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ceab.csic.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/analisi-nutrients-2.jpg\" alt=\"An\u00e0lisi de nutrients 4\" \/><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"2 of 4\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ceab.csic.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/analisi-nutrients.jpg\" alt=\"An\u00e0lisi de nutrients 3\" \/><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"3 of 4\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ceab.csic.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/analisi-nutrients-1.jpg\" alt=\"An\u00e0lisi de nutrients 2\" \/><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"4 of 4\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ceab.csic.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/analisi-nutrients-3.jpg\" alt=\"An\u00e0lisi de nutrients 1\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper-button elementor-swiper-button-prev\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"eicon-chevron-left\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper-button elementor-swiper-button-next\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"eicon-chevron-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>External services External services Analytical Chemistry Service presentation The Analytical Chemistry Laboratory (LabQA) is equipped with a continuous flow autoanalyser, (FUTURA model manufactured by ALLIANCE INSTRUMENTS), a TOC-L analyser with TNM-L module for TOC manufactured by SHIMADZU, and an ion chromatograph for the analysis of major ions from METROHM. 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